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SEP IRA

A simplified retirement plan allowing business owners to contribute up to 25% of net self-employment income (up to $70,000 for 2025) with minimal administrative requirements.

Definition

A SEP IRA (Simplified Employee Pension Individual Retirement Account) allows business owners to make tax-deductible contributions of up to 25% of net self-employment income, with a maximum of $70,000 for 2025. It is the simplest retirement plan for self-employed entrepreneurs, requiring minimal administrative overhead.

How It Works

The employer (the business) makes contributions directly to the SEP IRA on behalf of the owner and any eligible employees. Contributions are tax-deductible to the business and tax-deferred to the recipient. There are no annual filing requirements (unlike 401(k) plans), and the contribution amount can vary year to year.

If the business has employees, contributions must be made at the same percentage for all eligible employees (those who are 21+, have worked for the employer in 3 of the last 5 years, and earned at least $750).

When Entrepreneurs Use This

  • Solo entrepreneurs or small businesses: Minimal paperwork and no annual filings
  • Variable income businesses: Contribution amounts are discretionary each year
  • Late-year tax planning: Can be established and funded up to the tax filing deadline (including extensions)
  • Stepping stone: Often used before transitioning to a Cash Balance Plan or solo 401(k) as income grows

Dew Wealth Perspective

The SEP IRA is a solid starting point, but most high-income entrepreneurs outgrow it quickly. At $500,000 or more in income, the Cash Balance Plan offers dramatically higher deferral limits. The Linchpin Partner evaluates which retirement vehicle maximizes deferral for each client's specific income level and employee structure.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I also have a 401(k)?
Yes, but combined contributions to both plans cannot exceed IRS limits. A solo 401(k) often provides more flexibility than a SEP IRA for businesses without employees.
Can I make Roth contributions to a SEP IRA?
Starting in 2023 under SECURE 2.0, employers can offer Roth SEP IRA contributions. However, these are after-tax and do not provide a current deduction.